In 1991, the idea of ​​allocating the headquarters of the old university hospital arose to establish a center specialized in the treatment of oncology as a nucleus for the establishment of an institute in southern Egypt due to the need of this large area for this advanced service for the people of Upper Egypt from BeniSuef governorate in the north to Aswan in the south. In the same year, the Board of Directors of Assiut University Hospitals agreed to allocate the old university hospital building as the headquarters of the Oncology Institute..

the Institute works to raise awareness for cancer patients, early cancer detection and prevention in southern Egypt.