Injuries and fatalities occur in all forms of transportation but numerically road traffic accidents account for great majority worldwide. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major health problem all over the world. In developing countries, traffic accidents are the most common cause of death below the age of 50 years in young men. Also RTAs represents the fifth most important cause of death for women. The present study giving an idea about incidence of road traffic accidents in Assiut Governorate. All reports of these accidents (1792 reports) of victims admitted to the Casualty Department of Assiut University Hospital during the year 2002 were investigated. Males to female ratio was 4.8: 1 and most victims were aged between 11 to 50 (65.23%). The majority of male victims were aged from 11 to 40 years (59.97%) and the majority of female victims were aged from 0 to 10 (35.39%). Injuries of extremities were reported in 31.34% especially the lower limbs, and the most frequent single region affected was the head (28.07%) followed by multiple injuries (19.59%). Improvement was reported in 73.66% of cases while deaths were 8.82%. Disability was reported in 0.56% of the cases. The highest percentage of improvement was reported among those with injuries to extremities (76.29%) followed by those with head injuries (65.61%). The study revealed that the highest percent of accidents was in August (11.105%) and December (9.933%). Autopsy was not performed in any fatal case. Community health education about road safety, availability of well trained emergency physicians, early ambulance and well equipped hospitals to deal with road traffic accident victims also autopsy of dead victims and drug analysis of blood and urine as a routine were recommended.