Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of silent cerebral infarction (SCI) among neurologically free chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients as judged by brain MRI examinations. Patients & Methods: The study included 230 CKD patients; 165 males and 65 females with mean age of 58±7.9 years. Seventy-six patients (34%) had ischemic heart disease (IHD), 34 patients (14.8%) with non-ischemic heart diseases (Non-IHD), 196 patients (85.2%) had diabetes mellitus (DM), 173 patients (75.2%) were hypertensive patients and dyslipidemia was detected
in 185 patients (80.4%). All patients underwent categorization according estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and all underwent MRI examination. Results: Brain MRI defined SCI in 117 patients for a prevalence rate 50.9%. The frequency of patients had SCI was significantly higher in older patients with significantly higher mean age of those had SCI compared to those had MRI free of SCI. The presence of SCI showed positive significant correlation with age (r=0.278, p<0.01), but showed a negative significant correlation with eGFR, (r=-0.249, p=0.001). The frequency of cardiac patients among those had CKD was significantly higher compared to non-cardiac patients with non-significant difference according to presence of ischemia. The frequency of diabetics among CKD patients was significantly higher compared to non-diabetics with significant prevalence among CKD patients with SCI. The frequency of hypertensive patients among CKD patients was significantly higher compared to normo-tensive patients with significantly higher frequency of hypertensive patients among patients had SCI. However, the
frequency of dyslipidemic patients among CKD with or without SCI was non-significant. Conclusion: The frequency of SCI as judged by brain MRI was high among neurologically free CKD patients especially the older one and if associated with IHD, type-2 DM and/or hypertension. Also, such frequency was negatively correlated eGFR as a measure for renal function.