It is a catastrophe for any child the death of one or both parents. Children may feel with depression, hopelessness, loneliness, anger, confusion, helplessness, anxiety and a fear of being alone. This study aimed to assess psychological aspects among children and adolescents of orphanages at Assiut City. Subjects and method: A descriptive research design used to conduct this study. A purposive sample was used. The present study included 120 subjects. Setting: The study was conducted at Lillian Trasher, Dar El Hanan, and Dar El Safa. Tools of study included demographic data, multidimensional child and adolescent depression scale (MCADS) and child behavior checklist (parent form). Results of the study: Three fifth of studied orphans (60%) in the age group from (<12-17years old).Also 65% of studied orphans were males., there were statistically significant relations between age and most of depressive symptoms; also the most predominant problems were aggression, anxiety/depression and attention problem whereas thought problem was the least and internalizing behavioral problems were higher than externalizing behavioral problems (37.5% versus 34.2%). Conclusion: most orphans had different psychological problems and the prevalence of psychological problems/symptoms was more in adolescence age than child ages.Recommendation: Psychosocial counseling program can be designed and administered to orphan children and adolescents to improve depressive symptoms and their psychological status.