Eight phenolic compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of the aerial parts of Primula elatior L. (Primulaceae) cultivated in Egypt. Their structures were established as kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), 5-hydroxy pyrogallol (3), gallic acid methyl ester (4), gallic acid (5), 4`-methoxy kaempferol-3-O--glucuronopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O--glucuronopyranoside (7), and quercetin-3-O--glucuronopyranoside (8). Three of these compounds (6-8) have been isolated for the first time from the genus Primula. Their structures were confirmed by comparison of their chromatographic properties, chemical and spectroscopic data (UV, 1H, and 13C NMR) with those reported in the literature. The isolated flavonoids 1, 2, and 6-8 were found to exhibit significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This is the first report about the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 6-8.