A phytochemical study of the fruits and leaves of Ficus sycomorus L. led to the isolation of a new dihydrocoumarin, 4-carboxylic-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydrocoumarin (1), together with ten known compounds. Moreover, the different extracts of F. sycomorus were screened for cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The results revealed that all extracts were virtually nontoxic on the shrimps and showed LC50 values greater than 100 μg/mL.