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Diverse Glycosides from Gardenia latifolia with Antiviral Activity and Chemosystematic Signifcance

Research Authors
Shaymaa M. Mohamed, Samir A. Ross, Mai A. M. Ahmed
Research Department
Research Journal
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia
Research Vol
32
Research Year
2022
Research Abstract

Several infuenza pandemics have impacted our life, each with variable prevalence and severity. In a search for natural 
antivirals, further phytochemical investigation of Gardenia latifolia Aiton, Rubiaceae, was conducted. As a result, fve 
structurally diverse glycosides were isolated, ofering valuable chemotaxonomic data. Using the crystal violet technique, 
three isolates, canthoside C, (6R,7S,8S)-7α-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl) oxy] lyoniresinol, and ecdysanrosin A, were evaluated 
for their anti-infuenza A (H1N1) activities. Based on previously reported anti-infammatory activity of the guaiane class, 
we investigated the inhibitory efect of (1R,7R,8S,10R)-7,8,11-trihydroxy-guai-4-ene-3-one 8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, a 
rare guaiane sesquiterpene glucoside, on inducible nitric oxide (NO) production by Griess assay. Regarding antiviral assay, 
canthoside C was the most active. It considerably inhibited H1N1 infectivity at an IC50 value of 10.93 µg/ml, showing a 
selectivity index (SI) of 12.88, compared with acyclovir as a standard. Besides, ecdysanrosin A displayed a moderate selective 
antiviral activity with an IC50 value of 28.03 µg/ml. Considering their low cytotoxicity on the host cells, canthoside C and 
ecdysanrosin A have additional merit as potential antiviral agents. Despite the claimed anti-infammatory activity of guaianes, 
(1R,7R,8S,10R)-7,8,11-trihydroxy-guai-4-ene-3-one 8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside showed a limited anti-infammatory activity