Oxidative stress induced hyperglycemia plays a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications in most of the tissues. In the present study the protective roles of lipoic acid and n-acetylcysteine for the treatment of oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits were studied. The obtained results concluded that lipoic acid or N-acetylcystiene my be hseful for the therapy of oxidative stress associated with hyperglycemia. The beneficial action seems to result mainly from direct scavenging of ROS and restoring glutathione redox state.