Bioactive films with a nanoplate structure were prepared on the surface of a biodegradable AZ31B
magnesium (Mg) alloy via anodization in simulated body fluid (SBF) as an electrolyte to control Mg
biodegradability and improve surface bioactivity. The effect of the electrolyte temperature and pH values
on the formation of the biomimetic film were studied. The electrolyte was set at three different
temperatures of 37, 50, and 80
C, with pH values ranging from 7.4 to 8 for the lower electrolyte
temperature and 11.5–12 for the two higher levels of temperature. The apatite films on the different
samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), field emission scanning electron
microscopy (FE-SEM), EDS element mapping, X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), and FTIR spectroscopy.
The water contact angles of the different surfaces were evaluated, moreover, the corrosion behaviors of
the different samples were studied using electrochemical potentiodynamic DC, electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and immersion tests. The human fetal-osteoblast cell line hFOB 1.19 was
used in a cell culture test, and the biological response and cell function were evaluated in vitro using
DNA and PCR. The decomposition of the apatite film was affected by the anodization electrolyte
temperature, resulting in an amorphous structure. It is observed that the apatite structure has nanoplates
at electrolyte temperature (37 to 50)
C and these have a tendency to disappear at 80
C.