Seismic pounding between closely spaced buildings during earthquakes becomes increasingly severe when structures exhibit asymmetrical configurations or misaligned centers of mass and stiffness. Multi-directional seismic forces amplify stresses in such unbalanced buildings, highlighting the necessity to consider both structural movement and irregular geometries or eccentric loadings when determining adequate separation distances. This study investigates the seismic response of two adjacent buildings with off-center floor layouts subjected to various collision scenarios, focusing specifically on asymmetric impacts. The analysis emphasizes seismic forces acting laterally in the x-direction, evaluating configurations with different bidirectional eccentricity combinations (ex, ey). Four eccentricity cases were considered: (+ ex, + ey), (− ex, + ey), (− ex, − ey), and (+ ex, − ey). Nonlinear time history analyses were performed on structural models across three distinct collision scenarios. Nonlinear dynamic analyses and three-dimensional finite element modeling using ETABS software were employed to simulate the interaction between neighboring structures with asymmetric configurations under earthquake loading. Structural response demands including lateral displacements, torsional rotations, and accelerations were compared across cases. Results indicate that the bidirectional eccentricity parameters of adjacent buildings significantly influence seismic response demands. Specifically, asymmetric collisions between buildings with bidirectional eccentricities under x-direction seismic excitation markedly affect their seismic behavior, emphasizing the need to account for such eccentricities in design and evaluation.
Research Member
          
      Research Department
              
          Research Date
              Research Year
              2025
          Research Journal
              Innovative Infrastructure Solutions 
          Research Publisher
              Springer Nature
          Research Vol
              10
          Research Rank
              Q2
          Research_Pages
              409
          Research Website
              https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41062-025-02215-3
          Research Abstract
              Research Rank
              International Journal