Abstract
The main objectives of this study were to: (1) investigate various dimensions of the
encroachment problem on agricultural lands, (2) present formal estimates of losses in
agricultural lands in Egypt resulting from encroachment, (3) present a case study on
encroachment on agricultural lands in an Egyptian village to assess losses in agricultural
lands, identify actual cases and areas of clearance of encroachment, identify cases and types
of sanctions implemented against individual encroachments, and identify reasons for
encroachment by individuals. The study depended on different types of data concerning
encroachment on agricultural lands in Egypt at different levels. A case study was conducted
in the village of Shoeshai in Menoufiah governorate in the Delta. Data concerning the
research problem in this village were gathered through personal visits to the encroachment
locations, interviews with different individuals and key informants among people, and
agricultural engineers at the agricultural cooperative of the village. Regression analysis was
applied to predict losses in agricultural land in the coming ten years. Results showed that
there has been great increase in encroachment on agricultural land in Egypt since the 25th of
January 2011 revolution. The case study showed that a great increase in encroachment on
agricultural land has occurred during the last three years. Great differences were found
between formal estimates and actual losses in agricultural land. Greater number of cases and
greater losses in agricultural land were predicted. Several reasons for encroachment were
identified. Roles of the government and the agricultural extension organization in the country
were emphasized.