Sugar solutions are a valuable tool in the beekeeper’s arsenal. Understanding the nutritional value and diverse effects of sugar solutions on individual and colony populations allows beekeepers to ensure the successful wintering of honey bee colonies. The efficacy of feeding three types of sugar solutions (sucrose, glucose + fructose, invert sugar) compared to honey as a control on honey bees’ physiological and morphological parameters was studied during nursing. The results showed that the feeding type influenced consumption, digestibility, wax gland development, and hemocytic parameters. While honey topped the charts in all parameters, sucrose also reflected improvement of wax gland development (oenocytes area) and significantly increased hemolymph plasmatocytes as an index for bee immunity, making it a compelling alternative among the tested solutions. The glucose and fructose solution mixture exhibited neither significant bee attraction nor positive impacts on the fourth wax mirror area, wax gland development, or bee immune response. Invert sugar exhibited the lowest consumption and bee attraction among the solutions, yet it demonstrated a noteworthy effect on the fourth wax mirror expansion. The highest spindle hemocyte percentage of bees fed Invert sugar suggested they experienced stress. In this study, honey, followed by sucrose, is the best feeding choice to prepare bee colonies for winter to promote honey bee immunocompetence. While invert sugar potentially offers several economic advantages. Its limited influence on key colony parameters, such as wax production and overwintering success, requires further study.