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INFLUENCE OF PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS (PCMs) ON POLYURETHANE (PU) FOAM FIRE-RETARDATION

Research Abstract
Polyurethane (PU) foam is a material that has long been regarded as a good thermal insulator for building purposes due to many advantageous attributes, such as cost and feasibility. Yet, to further develop its performance, many studies have focused on the potential of using the micro-structure of PU foam as an encapsulation for PCMs. Despite the apparent advantageous outcome of this premise, from the perspective of thermal performance, fire-retardation issues may pose as a threat. PU foam is known for its inherent poor fire-retardation properties. With the addition of PCMs, especially wax-based, it is possible that the fire-retardation would worsen. This would translate into additional costs in terms of application of treatments to counter the disadvantageous hazardous properties. In this study, an empirical investigation is carried out with the aim of determining whether addition PCMs to PU foam would influence its retardation, and to which extent. In this context, granules of wax-based PCMs are encapsulated in to closed-cell rigid PU foam via a simplified amalgamation method. Two concentrations of PCM content are presented in this paper. Then, fire-retardation testing is performed on specimens to compare the performance of the created PU/PCM specimens with this of regular PU specimens. The outcome of this empirical investigation further confirms that addition of PCM to PU foam is disadvantageous in terms of fire-retardation, and that the amount of added PCM is of considerable influence on this.
Research Authors
Adham Mokhtar Mohammed

Techno-enviro-economic analysis of hydrogen production via low and high temperature electrolyzers powered by PV/Wind turbines/Waste heat

Research Authors
Mohamed Nasser, Hamdy Hassan
Research Journal
Energy Conversion and Management
Research Pages
116693
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
278
Research Year
2023

Energy audit and management of an industrial site based on energy efficiency, economic, and environmental analysis

Research Authors
Issa Bosu, Hatem Mahmoud, Hamdy Hassan
Research Journal
Applied energy
Research Pages
120619
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
333
Research Year
2020

Energy audit, techno-economic, and environmental assessment of integrating solar technologies for energy management in a university residential building: A case study

Research Authors
Issa Bosu, Hatem Mahmoud, Hamdy Hassan
Research Journal
Applied Energy
Research Pages
121141
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
341
Research Year
2023

Assessment of standalone streetlighting energy storage systems based on hydrogen of hybrid PV/electrolyzer/fuel cell/ desalination and PV/batteries

Research Authors
Mohamed Nasser, Hamdy Hassan
Research Journal
Journal of Energy Storage
Research Pages
106985
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
63
Research Year
2023

Numerical investigation of the air conditioning system performance assisted with energy storage of capsulated concave/convex phase change material

Research Authors
M. Ismail, W.K.Zahra, Hamdy Hassan
Research Journal
Journal of Energy Storage
Research Pages
107651
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
68
Research Year
2023

Performance evaluation of direct and indirect thermal regulation of low concentrated (via compound parabolic collector) solar panel using phase change material-flat heat pipe cooling system

Research Authors
Ramadan Gad, Hatem Mahmoud, Hamdy Hassan
Research Journal
Energy
Research Pages
127323
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
274
Research Year
2023

Utilization of triply periodic minimal surfaces for performance enhancement of adsorption cooling systems: Computational fluid dynamics analysis

Research Authors
Mohamed Gado, Shinichi Ookawara, Hamdy Hassan
Research Journal
Energy conversion and management
Research Pages
116657
Research Publisher
Elsevier
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
277
Research Year
2023

Deep Learning-Based Long-Horizon MPC: Robust, High Performing, and Computationally Efficient Control for PMSM Drives

Research Abstract

This article presents a computationally efficient and high performing approximate long-horizon model predictive control (MPC) for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). Two continuous control set MPC (CCS-MPC) formulations are considered: the classical current tracking delta MPC (Del-MPC) and the torque tracking economic MPC (EMPC). To achieve offset-free torque tracking under model uncertainties and in all regions of operation, a disturbance observer and a dq -current reference generator are used. To enable real-time implementation of the long-horizon CCS-MPC, the development of a real-time capable solver is not required, since MPC approximation based on deep neural networks (DNNs) is considered and utilized for controller’s evaluation at run time. The approximation is done by training the DNN to learn the MPC functionality based on offline-generated training data and in an open-loop manner. The robust and offset-free tracking performance of the proposed DNN-based approximate long-horizon Del-MPC and EMPC has been validated through simulation and real-time implementation at test bench and compared to the state-of-the-art field oriented control (FOC) using internal model controller with field-weakening (FW) part and to the exact short-horizon MPC based on the fast gradient method (FGM-MPC). Results show that the long-horizon MPC can achieve significantly faster torque transient responses in comparison with the short-horizon FGM-MPC and the conventional FOC, especially in FW region.

Research Authors
Mohammad Abu-Ali, Felix Berkel, Maximilian Manderla, Sven Reimann, Ralph Kennel, Mohamed Abdelrahem
Research Date
Research Department
Research Journal
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Research Pages
12486-12501
Research Publisher
IEEE
Research Rank
Q1
Research Vol
37
Research Website
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9769875
Research Year
2022
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