According to the World Health Organization, each year, more than 11 million patients
Worldwide receive a new diagnosis of cancer. This number is expected to rise to 16 million by 2020. Chemotherapy is still the main treatment regimen, and approximately 50% of patients with cancer receive chemotherapy .Currently, approximately 100 different anti-cancer drugs are in use and many more are under development. The characteristics of cancer drugs have given rise to many issues. One issue is whether nurses are competent to administer such drugs. The aims of the present, study is evaluate the effect of implementing the designed nursing protocol on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding chemotherapy. Aquasi-experimental research design was utilized in this study on a convenient sample of 35 nurses agree to participate in the study. This study was conducted in the South Egypt Cancer Institute at Assuit University. Tools utilize for data collection were a) Questionnaire sheet. .b) Observation checklist sheet. c) Construction of designed nursing protocol. Results: The first and the second hypotheses were supported as a good improvement in the mean knowledge & practice scores were found after the implementing of designed nursing protocol. . The third hypothesis was supported as a positive relationship was found between nurse's knowledge and practice scores immediately after application of the designed nursing protocol. In conclusion, the evidence-based results suggested that nurses have insufficient knowledge about chemotherapy. More fundamentally, however, nurses need more education about chemotherapy in nursing school and through in-hospital continuing education.