The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of color Doppler ultrasonography for diagnosis of degree and duration of uterine torsion in buffaloes. In Assiut province/Upper Egypt, 65 buffaloes (37 with uterine torsion, 28 with normal late pregnancy) were examined clinically and using Doppler ultrasonography. The Dppler indices including resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMV), and blood flow volume (BFV) in the arteries ipsilateral to the uterine torsion (IPUT) and in
arteries contralateral to the uterine torsion (COUT) were recorded. Methods of correction were documented along with dam and calf survival. Torsion was recorded postcervically with vaginal involvement in 35/37 (94.6%) of the cases. The degrees of uterine torsion were
light and high in 9/37 (24.3%) and 28/37 (75.7%) of the cases, respectively (P ¼ 0.001). Right uterine torsion was present in 36/37 (97.3%) of the cases (P ¼ 0.0001). Pulsatility index, RI, TAMV, and BFV in IPUT and COUT did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) in normal late
pregnancy. The PI and RI in IPUT were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in COUT, and the TAMV and BFV in IPUT were less (P < 0.001) than that in COUT in uterine torsion. The PI and RI of torsion cases in IPUT were higher (P < 0.001) than that in normal pregnancy.
Time-averaged maximumvelocity and BFV in torsion cases were lower (P < 0.01) than that of normal pregnancy in IPUT. There was approximately 50% of RI and PI higher than in light degree uterine torsion in IPUT (P < 0.001). Consequently, TAMV and BFV were greatly
lower (P < 0.0001) than that in light degree in IPUT. Pulsatility index and RI were positively correlated (r ¼ 0.856; P < 0.001) with the duration and degree of the uterine torsion, and TAMV and BFV were negatively correlated (r ¼ 0.763; P < 0.001). In all cases of
uterine torsion the uterine flow velocity waveform showed high systolic flow and absence of early diastolic flow and poor uterine and placentomal blood perfusion. In conclusion, depicting blood flow within the middle uterine artery using color Doppler sonography
could be helpful in correct diagnosis of duration and degree of uterine torsion and concurrently predicting the viability of the fetus and dam.