Abstract: Foot and mouth disease (FMD), one of the widest spread diseases affecting cloven-footed animals in Assiut Governorate, Egypt, FMD viruses that have caused widespread, in the field outbreaks of FMD in Egypt during September 2015 to February 2016, which has detrimental effects on meat and milk production and also high mortality rate in the young aged animals as cattle and buffaloes calves and the mortality present between the old age, the diseases animals was suffered from severe clinical signs as fever, losses the appetite, severe salivation, dehydration, . The disease has been reported in Egypt over the last 50 years. The first detection of the disease was in1950 when strain SAT2 caused an outbreak. The most severe outbreak in Egypt took place in last time due to spreading the SAT-2 strain of FMD. The disease affected cattle and buffaloes, sheep and goats with mortality rate reaching to 4%, In Assiut Governorate severe cases of the disease are suspected in cattle and buffaloes, according to clinical investigations, and animals, mostly calves and also adult's animals as cattle and buffaloes, have already died. The mortality rate was higher than before outbreak in this year and this due to the appearance the new strain of FMD as SAT2 strain and animals in Egypt not vaccinated against the new strain affect the animals.