Endometrial remolding and angiogenesis are critical events that occur during pregnancy in order to establish uteroplacental vascular
communication. This study investigated the role of uterine telocytes (TCs) in pregnancy. We analyzed the distribution of TCs and
morphological changes in the endometrium of the gravid rabbit uterus at different stages of pregnancy: after ovulation, pre-implantation (day
7), post-implantation (days 8 and 9), and mid-pregnancy (day 14) and late (days 21–28) pregnancy. TCs gradually increased with the
progression of pregnancy. They had distinctive telopodes (TPs) and podoms, with intranucleolar chromatin. The TCs established contact with
decidual cells, growing a glandular epithelium, blood vessels, and immune cells, such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages. The
TCs underwent morphological changes at the post-implantation phase. They acquired thick and voluminous TPs, formed an extensive threedimensional
(3D) labyrinth at mid-pregnancy, and exhibited irregular-shaped nuclei and a dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum at late
pregnancy. They also acquired a convoluted contour-formed complex network. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed an extensive 3D
network in the endometrium, forming a condensed sheath at late pregnancy. Transmission electron microscopy and SEM detected
fenestrated TPs, and TCs were identified by CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. TCs also expressed matrix
metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor beta-1. Results suggested that TCs might play an essential role in maternal placenta
formation, especially decidualization, regulation of uterine gland development, and neovascularization of maternal uterine blood vessels.

Abstract
Background: Organic egg is among the most common organic foods offered for sale in Egyptian markets in recent years, and consumers buy them at a higher price because they believe organic eggs are safer and have superior nutritional value than conventional eggs.
Aim: The present work aimed to monitor antimicrobial residues in brown table eggs, whether conventional or organic type, in Aswan governorate markets and assessed their physical and chemical quality and their public health hazards.
Methods: Brown table egg samples (n = 400 total) were randomly selected in the present study, in which they represented two equal groups (n = 200 each) including conventional eggs and organic eggs. Eggs were collected from different retail stores in the Aswan governorate, Egypt. Egg samples were subjected to thorough physical and chemical quality evaluation as well as an assessment of antimicrobial residues.
Results: The results reported that organic eggs were cleaner and had a better odor, less blood, and meat spots, but smaller with more shell cracks than conventional eggs. Chemical analysis of some nutrient contents in the egg yolk revealed significantly higher nutritive values of organic eggs than that of conventional ones as the organic eggs contain significantly higher levels of vitamin A and vitamin D/D3 and significantly lower values of cholesterol, calcium, magnesium, and zinc than those in conventional eggs. Disc diffusion assay has been used for monitoring antimicrobial residues in egg samples. The results have shown that all examined organic eggs were free from antimicrobial residues, while 12% and 8% of conventional egg yolk and white were positive for antimicrobial residues, respectively.
Conclusion: The study concludes the higher nutritive value of organic eggs compared with the conventional type because of their significantly higher contents of vitamins A and D and their significantly lower contents of cholesterol. Moreover, organic eggs were free from antimicrobial residues which maximizes their public health benefits.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding Origanum majorana (OM)
powder to domestic pigeon diets on growth performance, feeding and drinking behaviour, blood
hematology, blood biochemical parameters, blood inflammatory and oxidative markers, carcass
characteristics, the weights of lymphoid organs, and and intestinal cecal, and bursa of Fabricius
histology. A random distribution of fifty-four unsexed pigeon squabs (30 days old, average body
weight; 321 g  7.5) into three groups was done. The first group was fed the grower basal diet
without adding OM powder, while OM powder was added at levels of 0.5 and 1% to the basal
diets of the second and third groups, respectively. The changes in growth performance parameters
and feeding and drinking behavior under OM powder’s effect were insignificant. However, the
lymphoid organs (spleen and thymus) significantly increased in weight (p < 0.05) in the OM-fed
groups. Moreover, blood examination showed positive responses to OM powder in terms of blood
cell counts (RBCs andWBCs), and the values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume,
lymphocyte numbers, levels of globulin, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme were significantly
increased. The numbers of heterophils, the ratio of heterophil to lymphocyte, malondialdehyde levels
were reduced (p < 0.05). Histomorphometry examination revealed increases in intestinal villi height,
cecal thickness, and bursal follicle area and number. These results indicated that adding OM powder
to the pigeon diet may improve their immunity, increase their antioxidant status, and correct some
hematological disorders.

The present study was carried out to investigate the epidemiological and clinical status of bovine Theileriosis in Aswan Governorate. During a 2-year study, 265 cattle were clinically suspected upon careful clinical examination as Theileria infected animals. Conventional diagnosis based on blood and lymph smears examinations showed that, the prevalence of Tropical Theileriosis in cattle in Aswan Governorate was 56 (21.13%). Giemsa stained blood smears showed presence of macro-schizont inside lymphocyte (Koch’s blue bodies), micro-schizonts inside lymphocyte, raptured schizont and intraerythrocytic stages of Theileria annulata piroplasms inside RBCs. Polymerase chain reactions of T. annulata merozoite-piroplasm surface antigen Targeting gene: (Tams1) revealed positive 29 (58%) animals confirmed by visualization of specific bands at 768 bP. Positive results could be detected in suspected cattle that showed positive or negative blood smear results that proved the high sensitivity of PCR test compared with the conventional method for diagnosis of bovine tropical Theileriosis. PCR proved a highly sensitive and accurate method for diagnosis of bovine tropical Theileriosis, especially in detection of blood and lymph smears negative cases.

Keywords | Epidemiology, Theileria annulata, Bovine, Diagnosis, PCR

Fertility in birds is dependent on their ability to store adequate populations of viable sperm for extended durations in sperm storage tubules (SSTs). The exact mechanisms by which sperm enter, reside, and egress from the SSTs are still controversial. Sharkasi chicken sperm showed a high tendency to agglutinate, forming motile thread-like bundles comprising many cells. Since it is difficult to observe sperm motility and behavior inside the opaque oviduct, we employed a microfluidic device with a microchannel cross-section resembling close to that of sperm glands allowing for the study of sperm agglutination and motility behavior. This study discusses how sperm bundles are formed, how they move, and what role they may have in extending sperm residency inside the SSTs. We investigated sperm velocity and rheotaxis behavior when a fluid flow was generated inside a microfluidic channel by hydrostatic pressure (flow velocity = 33 µm/s). Spermatozoa tended to swim against the flow (positive rheotaxis) and sperm bundles had significantly lower velocity compared to lonesome sperm. Sperm bundles were observed to swim in a spiral-like motion and to grow in length and thickness as more lonesome sperm are recruited. Sperm bundles were observed approaching and adhering to the sidewalls of the microfluidic channels to avoid being swept with fluid flow velocity > 33 µm/s. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that sperm bundles were supported by a copious dense substance. The findings show the distinct motility of Sharkasi chicken sperm, as well as sperm's capacity to agglutinate and form motile bundles, which provides a better understanding of long-term sperm storage in the SSTs.