Abstract

Advances in the field of genomics and meta-genomics have led to rapid and accurate strategies for the monitoring of microbial biodiversity and have revealed its potential for biotechnological applications. In this study, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) as a culture-independent molecular approach using specific CY3-labelled oligonucleotide probes was used to study the dynamics of the sulfate reduction bacterial community (SRB) of the activated sludge from an oily wastewater treatment system. The relative abundance of members of the dominant bacteria in the oily water reactor was determined by FISH for 16S rRNA using EUB338 probes, for detecting general eubacteria, and SRB385 for targeting SRBs and major species of delta-proteobacteria sulfate reducers. The percentage of cells hybridizing with probe EUB338 for the dominant bacteria decreased from 25.85 to 6.25%, while with the SRB385 probe for SRB bacteria, it increased from 7.21 to 10.20% of total cells during the reactor process. These data show that SRB bacteria dominated the active microbial community in the system. It is interesting that delta-proteobacterial SRBs occupied a high percentage and took place in an oily biological system under aerobic conditions.