Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of individual genotypes to modify traits, such as physiological, morphological and behavioural characteristics, quickly in response to biotic and abiotic environmental variation (West-Eberhard, 1989; Agrawal, 2001a; Whitman and Agrawal, 2009). It can increase the fitness of individuals in their experienced environments (Lande, 2009), and may include changes in both behaviour and development within the lifetime of an organism. Such within-generation plasticity (WGP) has been observed in diverse taxa, and theoretical models of the phenomenon have been widely supported with empirical data (West-Eberhard, 1989; Lande, 2009).