Oxygen-containing heterocycles are largely distributed in natural and synthetic compounds.
Coumarins are among the most famous heterocycles which possess one oxygen atom in their
rings. Coumarins are classified as multifunctional scaffold and are used as anti-oxidant reagents,
anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-HIV active, analgesic, anti-histaminic,
insecticides, dyes, herbicides, sensitizers, perfumes, cosmetics and food additives. Due to their
diverse applications in industrial and pharmaceutical fields, many chemists have given
significant interest to these compounds. Herein, the review highlights various methods for the
synthesis and interactions of coumarin moiety as one of the most efficient categories of
heterocycles.